HEPA Filter Calculator
Analyze HEPA filter efficiency, particle capture rates, lifespan estimates, and annual costs. Compare filter grades and optimize your air purification performance.
HEPA Filter Calculator
Filter Performance Analysis
Contaminant Filtration Effectiveness
HEPA Filter Grade Classification
| Grade | Min Efficiency | Penetration | Best Use | Cost |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H10 | 85% | 15% | Basic filtration | $ |
| H11 | 95% | 5% | General use | $ |
| H12 | 99.5% | 0.5% | Allergies | $$ |
| H13 (True HEPA) | 99.95% | 0.05% | Medical/Asthma | $$ |
| H14 (True HEPA) | 99.995% | 0.005% | Hospital grade | $$$ |
| U15-U17 (ULPA) | 99.9995%+ | 0.0005% | Cleanroom | $$$$ |
Filter Optimization Recommendations
HEPA Filter Science & Standards
Particle Size Standards
Testing Standards
Filter Construction
Efficiency vs Particle Size
HEPA filters are most efficient at capturing the smallest (<0.1 μm) and largest (>1 μm) particles. The 0.3 μm test size represents the Most Penetrating Particle Size (MPPS), where efficiency is lowest.
Comprehensive HEPA Filter Analysis
Efficiency Rating
Calculate exact particle capture rates and penetration percentages for any filter
Grade Classification
Determine H10-H14 and ULPA grades based on efficiency standards
Lifespan Estimation
Predict filter replacement timing based on usage and environment
Contaminant Suitability
Assess effectiveness against allergens, bacteria, viruses, and smoke
Real-World HEPA Filter Examples
See how different filter types perform in various scenarios and environments
Allergy Season Battle
99.97% pollen capture, 8-month lifespan with pre-filter. Annual cost: $68. Perfect for seasonal allergies without overspending.
Multi-Pet Household
6-month replacement cycle due to heavy dander load. Annual cost: $110. Carbon layer essential for odor control.
Medical Protection
99.995% virus capture, 12-month lifespan. Annual cost: $85. Essential for immunocompromised individuals.
Wildfire Smoke
3-month emergency lifespan under extreme conditions. Captures PM2.5 at 99.97%, VOCs with carbon. Replace after emergency.
Budget Optimization
95% efficiency for general dust, 10-month lifespan. Annual cost: $30. Good for basic needs without health conditions.
Calculate Your Filter
Get personalized analysis for your specific filter type, room conditions, and budget. Compare efficiency, lifespan, and annual costs.
Understanding HEPA Filter Technology
What is HEPA?
HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filters must capture at least 99.97% of particles that are 0.3 microns or larger.
The 0.3 micron test represents the Most Penetrating Particle Size (MPPS) - the hardest size to capture.
True HEPA filters are actually more efficient at capturing both smaller and larger particles.
How HEPA Works
Interception: Particles follow air stream and get trapped in fibers
Impaction: Large particles can't navigate fiber maze
Diffusion: Ultra-small particles move randomly and hit fibers
All three mechanisms work together for maximum efficiency.
Filter Grades
H13: 99.95% - True HEPA standard
H14: 99.995% - Medical grade
U15-U17: 99.9995%+ - ULPA cleanroom
Higher grades = better particle capture but more airflow resistance.
HEPA vs. Other Filter Types
| Filter Type | Efficiency | Particle Size | Lifespan | Cost | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basic Pleated | 60-80% | >3 μm | 3-6 months | $10-20 | Large particles, pet hair |
| HEPA-type | 85-95% | >2 μm | 6-9 months | $15-30 | General dust, pollen |
| True HEPA (H13) | 99.97% | ≥0.3 μm | 8-12 months | $30-60 | Allergies, asthma, bacteria |
| Medical HEPA (H14) | 99.995% | ≥0.3 μm | 10-15 months | $50-100 | Viruses, hospitals, immune compromised |
| ULPA (U15+) | 99.9995%+ | ≥0.12 μm | 12-18 months | $100-200 | Cleanrooms, semiconductor |
HEPA Filter Questions & Answers
How often should I replace my HEPA filter?
Most HEPA filters last 8-12 months with normal use. High pollution areas may need replacement every 6 months. Monitor your air purifier's pressure indicator or airflow to determine actual replacement needs.
Can I wash and reuse a HEPA filter?
Never wash a True HEPA filter. The delicate fibers will be damaged and efficiency will drop dramatically. Some manufacturers make "washable HEPA" but these are typically HEPA-type with lower efficiency.
Why are H14 filters more expensive than H13?
H14 filters have denser media to achieve 99.995% efficiency vs 99.97% for H13. This requires higher quality materials and tighter manufacturing tolerances, increasing production costs.
Do I need medical-grade H14 for home use?
For most homes, H13 True HEPA is sufficient. H14 is beneficial for severely immunocompromised individuals, during virus outbreaks, or in extremely polluted environments. The extra cost may not provide noticeable benefits for healthy people.
How do I know if my HEPA filter is genuine?
Look for certification numbers (EN 1822, IEST-RP-CC001), efficiency ratings (99.97% minimum), and reputable brand names. Avoid filters claiming "HEPA-style" or "99% efficiency" - these are not True HEPA.
Why use pre-filters with HEPA?
Pre-filters capture large particles before they reach the HEPA filter, extending HEPA life by 2-3x. This saves money and maintains optimal airflow longer. Pre-filters cost $5-10 vs $30-60 for HEPA replacement.
Important Filter Guidelines
• Always buy filters from reputable manufacturers with proper certifications
• Never use damaged, wet, or improperly stored HEPA filters
• Replace filters based on condition, not just time - monitor pressure indicators
• Ensure proper fit - gaps around filters allow particles to bypass filtration
• Consider total cost of ownership, not just initial filter price